ACUFO-1944-12-23-HAGUENAU-1
A mssion report of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron of the U.S. Army Air Forces reported an observation of what was then called “Foo-Fighters” that took place in the night of December 22 to 23, 1944, in the Haguenau area.
A patrol was operating at 10.000 feet of altitude from Sarrebourg north and south of the highway in France, and saw at 06:00 p.m., two lights coming toward them from the ground, seen somewhere in the vicinity of Haguenau.
After reaching the altitude of the aircraft, the lights stabilized and remained on the tail of the plane for about 2 minutes.
The lights had the appearance of large orange glows. They departed then flew level with the aircraft for a few minutes and then went out. They seemed to have been in complete control at all times.
By the “first ufologist” Kenneth Arnold, we learn in 1952 that the pilot was Lt. David McFalls, from Cliffside, North Carolina, and his radar operator was Lt. Edward Baker of Hemat, California. We also learn that their plane flew at 10,000 feet.
Less reliable subsequent versions ensure that the pilot tried several maneuvers to “shake” the light but without success.
Date: | December 23, 1944 |
---|---|
Time: | 06:00 p.m. |
Duration: | ? |
First known report date: | December 1944 |
Reporting delay: | Hours. |
Country: | France |
---|---|
State/Department: | Bas-Rhin |
City or place: | Haguenau |
Number of alleged witnesses: | 1 or 2. |
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Number of known witnesses: | 1 or 2 |
Number of named witnesses: | 1 or 2 |
Reporting channel: | Military mission report. |
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Visibility conditions: | Night. |
UFO observed: | Yes. |
UFO arrival observed: | ? |
UFO departure observed: | Yes. |
UFO action: | Reaches plane, follows plane, turns off. |
Witnesses action: | |
Photographs: | No. |
Sketch(s) by witness(es): | No. |
Sketch(es) approved by witness(es): | No. |
Witness(es) feelings: | ? |
Witnesses interpretation: | ? |
Sensors: |
[X] Visual: 1 or 2.
[ ] Airborne radar: [ ] Directional ground radar: No. [ ] Height finder ground radar: [ ] Photo: [ ] Film/video: [ ] EM Effects: [ ] Failures: [ ] Damages: |
---|---|
Hynek: | ? |
Armed / unarmed: | Armed, machine guns and 20 mm cannons. |
Reliability 1-3: | 3 |
Strangeness 1-3: | 2 |
ACUFO: | Unidentified. |
[Ref. wdy1:] WAR DIARY, 415TH NIGHT FIGHTER SQUADRON:
23. More Foo-Fighters were in the air last night. The Ops. report says: “In vicinity of Haguenau saw 2 lights coming toward A/C [aircraft] from ground. After reaching the altitude of the A/C they leveled off and flew on tail of Beau for 2 minutes and then peeler up and turned away. 8th mission - sighted 2 orange lights. One light sighted at 10,000 the other climbed until it disappeared.”
[Ref. rwd1:] FRED B. RINGWALD, INTELLIGENCE, US ARMY AIR FORCE:
Note: the document that follows was retrieved by Jan Aldrich's historical ufology effort Project 1947, at www.project1947.com/fig/1945a.htm
Only the header, the footer and the part related to the case documented in this file are shown.
Only other cases are removed, as they are shown in their own case file in this catalog.
S E C R E T
1st W/Ind
D-W-2
HEADQUARTERS XII TACTICAL AIR COMMAND, APO #374, U.S. Army, 23 January 1945.
TO: S-2, 415 Night Fighter Squadron.
Forwarded for compliance with paragraph 2 of 1st Ind.
[Signature]
LEAVITT CORNING, JR,.
Lt. Colonel, G.S.C,.
A/C of S, A-2.
2nd W/Ind
415th. NIGHT FIGHTER SQUADRON, APO #374, U. S. Army, 30 January 1945.
TO: AC of S A-2. XII Tactical Air Command, APO 374, U. S. Army.
1. In compliance with paragraph 2 of Ist. Ind., the following extracts from the Sortie reports of various pilots who have encountered the Night Phenomenon are submitted for your information.
[... other cases...]
Night of December 22-23, 1944 - “Patrolling at Angels 10 [= 10.000 feet] from Sarrebourg to Strasbourg North and South of highway. At 06:00 hrs. saw two lights coming towards A/C from the ground. Upon reaching altitude of plane, they leveled off and stayed on my tail for approximately 2 minutes. Lights appeared to be a large orange glow. After staying with A/C for approximately 2 minutes, they would peel off and turn away, fly along level for a few minutes and then go out. They appeared to be under perfect control at all times. Lights were seen somewhere in vicinity of Hagenau [sic].”
[... other cases...]
S E C R E T
2. In every case where pilot called GCI Control and asked if there was a Bogey A/C in the area he received a negative answer.
[Signature.]
F. B. Ringwald
Captain, A.C.
Intelligence Officer
* Foofighters is the name given these phenomenon by combat crews of this Squadron.
S E C R E T
[Ref. jcn1:] JO CHAMBERLIN:
On December 22-23, 1944, another 415th night fighter squadron pilot and radar-observer were flying at 10,000 feet altitude near Hagenau [sic]. “At 0600 hours we saw two lights climbing toward us from the ground. Upon reaching our altitude, they leveled off and stayed on my tail. The lights appeared to be large orange glows. After staying with the plane for two minutes, they peeled off and turned away, flying under perfect control, and then went out.”
[Ref. hws1:] HAROLD T. WILKINS:
During the closing months of the war our fighters chased weird colored balls of fire that suddenly disappeared.
By Harold T. Wilkins
[...]
No other observations of queer things in the sky came the way of the U.S. 415th Night Fighter squadron until three days before Christmas, 1944. On December 22, 1944, Lieutenant David McFalls, of Cliffside, N. C., and Lieutenant Edward Baker, radar observer, of Hemat, Calif., were flying at 10,000 feet just south of Hagenau [sic] in the old German Reichsland. Hagenau is 20 miles north of Strasbourg and 16 miles west of the Rhine.
Here is the report of U.S. pilot Giblin:
“At 0600 (six p.m.), near Hagenau, at 10,000 feet altitude, two very bright lights climbed towards us from the ground. They levelled off and stayed on the tail of our plane. They were huge bright orange lights. They stayed there for two minutes. On my tail all the time. They were under perfect control. Then they turned away from us, and the fire seemed to go out.”
[Ref. kap1:] KENNETH ARNOLD AND RAY PALMER:
No other observations of queer things in the sky came the way of the U.S. 415th Night Fighter squadron until three days before Christmas, 1944. On December 22, 1944, Lieutenant David McFalls, of Cliffside, N.C. and Lieutenant Edward Baker, radar observer, of Hemat, Calif., were flying 10,000 feet just south of Hagenau in the old German Reichsland. Hagenau is 20 miles north of Strasbourg and 16 miles west of the Rhine.
Here is the report of U.S. pilot Giblin:
At 0600 (six p.m.), near Hagenau, at 10,000 feet altitude, two very bright lights climbed toward us from the ground. They leveled off and stayed on the tail of our plane. they were huge bright orange lights. They stayed there for two minutes. On my tail all the time. They were under perfect control. Then they turned way from us, and the fire seemed to go out.
[Ref. jve1:] JACQUES VALLEE:
Lieutenants David McFalls and Edward Baker, flying over Haguenau, France, on December 22, 1944, at 6:00 P.M., saw two very bright lights approaching them from the ground. These lights remained behind the aircraft; they appeared to be “under perfect control.”
But observations of this type are not very conclusive; enormous orange lights can be caused by reflections or even by phenomena of atmospheric distortion, as Dr. Menzel has pointed out.
[... other case...]
The lights seen at night by pilots during the war have been called “foo-fighters.” As we have seen, they were merely balls of light, red or orange, without details or structure. They do not seem to have been detected on radar. Seen at night or during the day, they followed the planes even into the clouds. But these reports have to be considered with caution, for the behavior of the objects is very often that of a distorted image of the aircraft itself or a reflection of some ground object. The wartime conditions, the birth of a new technology involving rockets, electronic guidance and the ever-present fear of “secret weapons” make the sightings of that period difficult to analyze.
[Ref. vgs1:] VINCENT GADDIS:
On the evening of December 22, 1944, another fighter was flying at 10,000 feet altitude near Hagenow [sic], twenty miles north of Strasbourg. “At 0600 hours we saw two lights climbing toward us from the ground,” the crew reported. “Upon reaching our altitude, they leveled off and stayed on our tail. The lights appeared to be large orange glows. After staying with the plane for two minutes, they peeled off and turned away, flying under perfect control, and then went out.”
[Ref. lgs1:] LOREN GROSS:
On December 22, 1944, around 0600, under dark morning skies, some airmen of the haunted 415th night fighter squadron were again in the air scrutinizing the Rhine area for enemy targets, when two lights rose from somewhere below the plane, leveled out at the same altitude (10,000 feet). The lights paced the American can warplane for a time and then dived to a lower altitude.
[Ref. rbm1:] RALPH AND JUDY BLUM:
A typical [Foo-Fighter] incident was related by a veteran pilot of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron. He was flying a mission over Hagenau, Germany, on December 22, 1944. At 6:00 a.m. while flying at an altitude of ten thousand feet, the pilot and his radar operator were astonished to see two “large orange glows” climbing rapidly toward them.
“Upon reaching our altitude,” the pilot said, the objects “leveled off and stayed on my tail.” He went into a steep dive and the “glows” followed in sharp precision. He banked as sharply as he dared and the objects followed. For two minutes the “lights” stalked the fighter through several intricate maneuvers, peeled off under perfect control, then blinked out...”
It seems that every member of the 415th saw at least one of the foo fighters between November 1944 and January 1945.
The source is indicated as “Lore, Gordon I. R., Jr., and Deneault, Harold H., Jr. Mysteries of the Skies: UFOs in Perspective. Englewood Cliffs. N.J.: Prentice-Hall (1968), p. 22.”
[Ref. jcf1:] JEROME CLARK AND LUCIUS FARISH:
On December 22nd a pilot with the 415 Night Fighter Squadron encountered two “large orange glows” which climbed rapidly toward him as he flew over Hagenau, Germany, at six a.m. The radar operator also saw the strange objects.
“Upon reaching our altitude,” the pilot said, they “leveled off and stayed on my tail.” He executed a steep dive, a sharp bank, and other intricate maneuvers but the objects matched them all. “After staying with the plane for two minutes,” he said, “they peeled off and turned away, flying under perfect control, and then went out.”
[Ref. tfo1:] GIANFRANCO DE TURRIS AND SEBASTIANO FUSCO:
These authors say that on December 22 and 24, 1944, in Haguenau, Alsace-Lorraine, Germany, the “McFalls Backer [sic] sightings” took place.
[Ref. pfe1:] PARIS FLAMMONDE:
This author - who claimed the World War II UFO sightings were sightings of German flying saucers - wrote:
A few days before Christmas, in 1944, two spherical glows came up on a night fighter at about 2 miles altitude. They pursued briefly, and then wheeled away, suddenly extinguishing themselves in the distance.
[Ref. mbd1:] MICHEL BOUGARD:
The author indicates that on December 22, 1944, two pilots from the 415th Fighter Squadron based in Dijon, lieutenants David MacFalls [sic] and Edward Baker, flew over Hagenau at an altitude of 3000 meters, and while they were 32 km north of Strasbourg and 26 km west of the Rhine, the pilot made the following communication:
“It is 6:00 p.m. Two very bright lights have left the ground and headed towards us. They are following us for now.”
These were two orange spheres which remained in the wake of the plane for two minutes; then suddenly, these lights left the plane and disappeared.
[Ref. hes1:] HILARY EVANS:
On 22 December two other pilots of 415 Fighter Group [cf 1944.11.23] were flying over Haguenau at an altitude of 3,000 metres when at 1800 hours the pilot reported: “Two very bright lights have left the ground and are headed towards us. Right now they are following us.” For two minutes the two orange spheres stayed in the aircraft's wake, then suddenly they abandoned the aircraft and vanished.
[Ref. jrs1:] JENNY RANDLES:
A typical report is offered by Lieutenant David McFalls of America's 415th Night-Fighter Squadron. At six pm on 22 December 1944 he was flying over Alsace-Lorraine on the France/Germany border when he saw:
“Two very bright lights (that) climbed up towards us from the ground. They levelled off and stayed on the tail of our plane. They were huge, bright orange lights. They stayed there for two minutes... Then they turned away from us and the fire seemed to go out.”
[Ref. jce1:] UFOLOGY BULLETIN "JUST CAUSE":
The bulletin of “Citizens Against UFO Secrecy” (CAUS) published that they managed to get the first Foo Fighters official reports in the War diaries of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron. Extracts were cited, such as:
December 23 [1944] - “More Foo-Fighters were in the air last night. The Ops report says: 'In vicinity of Hagenau saw 2 lights coming toward A/C from ground. After reaching the altitude of the A/C they leveled off and flew on tail of Beau (Beaufighter - their aircraft, Ed.) for 2 minutes and then peeled up and turned away. 8th mission - sighted 2 orange lights. One light sighted at 10,000 feet the other climbed until it disappeared.'”
[Ref. jce2:] UFOLOGY BULLETIN "JUST CAUSE":
The Citizens Against UFO Secrecy (CAUS) newsletter reported that on September 3, 1992, their editor Barry Greenwood searched the National Archives in Suitland, Maryland, USA, to find more documents on the Foo-Fighters emanating from of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron, and had found some, mainly “Mission Reports”. Barry Greenwood reported:
[...]
Archives personnel provided a large cardboard box holding three feet of file folders of the 415th NFS and affiliated bomber groups. The period covered was late September 1944 - April 1945. It was obvious that I would spend at least a full day scanning this bunch. The records were not in the best condition, a fact which should be of great concern to those interested in the contents of old files, not just on this but on any subject. Many of the papers were onion-skin copies, very fragile and yellowing. Other reports were on coarse, brown paper which was very brittle, flakes of which were coming off on my hands. It was no longer surprising why quite often when CAUS would request and receive government files the copies were difficult, and sometimes impossible, to read. We are in a race against time as many government records are literally self-destructing on the shelf. With the millions of copies for which the National Archives is responsible, there is simply not enough staff or resources to take care of it all.
What also became clear is that the staff of the National Archives are not absolute authorities on the records that we have obtained regarding UFOs. The response I had to a request for help in locating a particular Air Force document with an identifying number was, “Good luck, we don't know.” Not that they were being fresh but that the Air Force had lost the inventory to that group of documents. I had a new appreciation for the time delays in responding to FOIA requests as well. It took me the best part of a day just to scan one box thoroughly. I was in a room with about thirty to forty people, all of whom had their own agenda and own piles of paper to scan. Factor in mail requests and the demands on the staff must be terrific. I heard a complaint by one of having to pull hundreds of boxes himself to fulfill researchers' requests just for that day.
The 415th's mission reports tended to be brief in their descriptions of everything. There were reports of aircraft destroyed, buildings bombed, flak, vehicles destroyed; etc. Then, scattered amongst the information, were reports of strange lights in the sky.
He then gave the 15 such cases he found, including:
December 22/23, 1944 - Mission 7 - 0350-0730 - Patrolled 10,000 feet Strasbourg - Sarrebourg. At 0600 saw 2 lights coming toward a/c from south. Turned away after about 2 minutes when near Hagenau. Saw orange glow and thought it might possibly be jet a/c.
Greenwood noted:
One frustrating feature of these reports is their brevity. It is difficult to form a hypothesis on the origin of Foo-Fighters when such fragmentary information is available. It is sometimes hard to tell whether reports of “lights” by the pilots were in the air or on the ground so one should exercise caution when reading reports where this is not clear.
[Ref. gld1:] GORDON LORE AND HAROLD DENEAULT:
In a similar incident, another veteran pilot of the 415th and his radar operator were awe-struck when two “large orange glows” of unknown origin climbed rapidly toward them during a mission over Hagenau, Germany, at 6:00 A.M., on December 22, 1944. They had been flying at 10,000 feet.
“Upon reaching our altitude,” the pilot said, the objects “leveled off and stayed on my tail.” He went into a steep dive and the “glows” followed in sharp precision. He banked as sharply as he dared and the objects followed. For two minutes the “lights” stalked the fighter through several intricate maneuvers, peeled off under perfect control, then blinked out.
The following evening, again at 10,000 feet, the same two men observed a single, mysterious “red flame” on another mission.
The authors indicated that the source is the American Legion Magazine December 1945, in the article “The Foo Fighters Mystery” by Joe Chamberlain.
[Ref. gld2:] GORDON LORE AND HAROLD DENEAULT:
The authors indicate that Lt. David L. Mcfalls, of Cliffside, North Carolina, and Lt. Ned Baker of Hemat, Calif., saw a “glowing object” shoot vertically, which looked like an airplane making a pass, and then dived sharply after the maneuver and disappeared. The craft appeared to be under intelligent control.
The authors indicated that the source is the American Legion Magazine December 1945, in the article “The Foo Fighters Mystery” by Joe Chamberlain.
[Ref. ibl1:] ILLOBRAND VON LUDWIGER:
Just a month later [on November 27, 1944], three days before Christmas, Foo Fighters were sighted again. Lt. David McFalls of Cliffside, North Carolina, and radar observer Lt. Edward Baker of Hemat, California, flew south of Hagenau on December 22, 1944. The town is 20 miles north of Strasbourg and 16 miles west of the Rhine. Pilot McFall reported: "At about 10,000 feet near Hagenau, we saw two bright lights flying toward us, which had risen from the ground. They appeared very large and were bright orange. They remained on my wing for about two minutes and were apparently perfectly controlled. Finally they flew away and the fireballs seemed to die out."
Two days later, the same two men had another disturbing experience. They say: "A glowing red balloon suddenly shot up from below. A moment later the thing looked like an airplane turning on its side. Shortly afterwards it dived downwards and disappeared (Wilkins 1967, pp. 22-23).
[Ref. ldl1:] UFOLOGY MAGAZINE "LUMIERES DANS LA NUIT":
On December 24, 1944, David Mc Falls and Edward Baker, pilot and co-pilot of a USAF military plane, which flew over the Alsace-Lorraine region saw “A large luminescent red ball” rushing straight at their bomber. Here is what McFalls said next: “Suddenly it turned into a plane, wings spread, and the plane pitched under us and disappeared.” (9)
The reference “(9)” is given in the next issue of the magazine LDLN on page 18 as: “UFO ANNUAL Vol. 1 no 1 (1975)”.
[Ref. lwr1:] DR. LOUIS WINKLER:
1944 Dec 22; 6:00/Hagenau, Germany/Lore-Deneault, Arnold-Palmer
Two large, orange glowing objects climbed to a 10,000 ft. altitude and leveled off on the tail of the airplane for several min. Then the object changed into an airplane and did a wing over and left. A red flame was also seen on the 23rd.
[Ref. bgd1:] BARRY GREENWOOD:
Observations continue at photo 1614:
December 23: “There were even more Foo-fighters in the sky last night. The operations report indicates: “Near Hagenau saw two lights coming from the ground and heading towards the A/C. After reaching the altitude at which the A/C was located, they stalled to fly behind Beau (Beaufighter - their own aircraft, Editor's note) for two minutes before initiating a turn and moving away. Eighth mission saw two orange lights. One at 10,000 feet, the other climbed until it completely disappeared.”
[Ref. hes1:] HILARY EVANS:
Just what proportion of UFO observations we should take under the [“Ball Of Light”, alleged flying plasma balls, includin the very real “ball lightning”] umbrella is a wide and complicated question. Here and now, let us confine ourselves to one specific manifestation, which has the especial merit that it occurred before the 'age of the flying saucer' (generally taken to have been ushered in by the Kenneth Arnold sighting in July 1947). The so-called Foo Fighters of World War Two were paradoxical both in their behavior and in the circumstances of their manifestation; for example:
On 22.12.1944, an American bomber crew over Germany saw two very bright lights climb towards them from the ground. On reaching the plane they levelled off and stayed on the plane's tail for about 2 minutes. They were huge, bright and orange coloured; they seemed to be under perfect control. (7)
[... other case...]
The source is described as:
"7 - Gordon Lore & Harold Deneault, Mysteries of the skies, Prentice-Hall, 1968".
[Ref. ldl2:] UFOLOGY MAGAZINE "LUMIERES DANS LA NUIT":
12.22.44 region of Haguenau (France)
Flying at night, about twenty kilometers north of Strasbourg, Lieutenant David McFalls of the 415th NFS is followed for two more minutes by two enormous phosphorescent masses of orange.
[Ref. pbh1:] PETER BROOKESMITH:
On 22 December 1944, Lt. David Mcfalls of the US 415th night-fighter squadron was over Hagenau, Germany. At 6:00am, he saw two 'huge, bright orange lights' climbing toward the plane. Mcfalls dived, banked and turned his plane, but the UFOs stuck with him for two minutes, then peeled off and blinked out.
[Ref. bgd2:] BARRY GREENWOOD:
Barry Greenwood, in an article about the “Foo-Fighters” documents in the U.S. military archive, said:
A summary of incidents [reported by airmen of the U.S. Army Air Forces 415th Night Fighter Squadron] was prepared by Captain F. B. Ringwald, Intelligence Officer with Headquarters 12 of the Tactical Air Command to advise S-2 of the “Night Phenomenon” encountered by the pilots and dated January 30, 1945.
Barry Greenwod then cited 13 cases from Ringwald's report, including this one:
“Night of 22-23 December 1944 - Patrolling at Angels 10 from Sarrebourg to Strasbourg North and South of highway. At 06:00 hrs. saw two lights coming towards A/C from the ground. Upon reaching altitude of plane, they leveled off and stayed on my tail for approximately 2 minutes. Lights appeared to be a large orange glow. After staying with A/C for approximately 2 minutes, they would peel off and turn away, fly along level for a few minutes and then go out. They appeared to be under perfect control at all times. Lights were seen somewhere in vicinity of Hagenau.”
Barry Greenwood commented about these reports:
It is noteworthy to point out that these pilots made a distinction between the usual flak bursts sent up by anti-aircraft fire and what they were seeing in these incidents. One might expect that due to technical advances during the war, eventually one side may develop a new sort of anti-aircraft weapon that could behave in an intelligent manner in pursuit of enemy planes. The problem with this here is that there are no known reports of “Foo Fighters” bringing down aircraft of either side. The objects that seemed to be “under perfect control at all times” didn't seem to do damage but merely accompany planes on their respective missions without interference.
To end the summary, Ringwald said that in each case where the pilot called GCI control to ask if “Bogey A/C” were in the area, he received a negative answer. It was also noted, perhaps more of interest to modern audiences, that these objects were called “Foofighters.” One word only, which should we call it? Chamberlin added his own written footnote for another sighting on February 28: “Returning, 45 miles East of Base (Loral Ochey) sighted foo fighters to rear starboard. Orange red in color. Turned to have a look and it disappeared. Near Luneville, SECRET north of Strasbourg. Lt. Buscio & Krasner RO.”
[Ref. sdm1:] SABINE DELMARTI:
THE FOO FIGTHERS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR
The Second World War saw a famous UFO episode, that of the foo fighters. It began in 1943, when luminous balls regularly appeared to Allied planes in flight. Moving around the aircraft, sometimes in formation, undetectable on the on-board radar, they will be so familiar to the military that they nickname them foo fighters 15
On December 22, 1944, David McFalls, on a mission above Haguenau, noted: “It is 6 p.m. The bright stars left the ground and headed towards us. They are following us for now. 16 They hover very close to the plane, which they follow for around ten minutes. Two days later, McFalls witnesses another miracle. This time, it's a red ball of light that rushes towards the plane. “Suddenly,” the pilot says, “it took the form of an airplane, which, after making a very sharp turn, swooped down, then disappeared.” 17 The army thinks of a German secret weapon. However, after the end of the war, German pilots claimed to have encountered similar phenomena.
15. Opinions are divided on the meaning of this American slang term. Most authors suggest translating it as “ghost plane”. A. Ribera maintains that this term means “fire hunters”, the word foo being according to him a slang translation of the French “fire”.
16. La Chronique des OVNI, p. 272.
17. A. Ribera, Ces mystérieux OVNI, De Vecchi pub., 1976, p. 46.
[Ref. ivl1:] ILLOBRAND VON LUDWIGER:
This German ufologist reported that two bomber pilots of 415 Fighter Group were flying on December 22, 1944, over Hagenau, Germany, at an altitude of 3,000 m when the pilot at 6 p.m. reported:
“Two very bright lights have left the ground and are headed towards us. Right now they are following us.”
The two orange spheres stayed in the aircraft's wake for about 2 minutes, then they abandoned the aircraft and disappeared The same two pilots had another similar encounter two nights later.
[Ref. gvo1:] GODELIEVE VAN OVERMEIRE:
1944, December 22 - 24
GERMANY - Hagenau
Two pilots from the 415th fighter squadron based at Dijon, the lieutenants David MacFalls [sic] and Edward Baker, flew over Hagenau at an altitude of 3000 m. While they were at 32 km north of Strassbourg [sic] and nearby 26 km away west of the Rhine, the pilot made this communication: “It is 18 o'clock. Two very bright lights left the ground and headed towards us. They are following us for the moment.” These were two orange spheres that remain in the wake of the plane for two minutes. Then suddenly, these lights left the plane and disappeared. Two nights later, at a few hours of this Christmas Eve 1944, MacFalls [sic] and Baker were making again the same encounter. (Michel BOUGARD: “La chronique des OVNI” - Delarge 1977 - p. 272) [This part in French in the original.]
OTHER VERSION: “December 23. More Foo-Fighters were in the air last night... In the vicinity of Hagenau saw 2 lights coming toward the A/C from ground. After reaching the altitude of the A/C they leveled off and flew on tail of Beau (Beaufighter---their aircraft, Ed.) for 2 minutes and then peeled up and turned away. 8th mission---sighted 2 orange lights. One light sighted at 10,000 feet the other climbed until it disappeared. (Source: microfilm roll containing the Unit History and War Diary of the 415th was obtained from the U.S. Air Force. Frames 1613 and 1614. cfr Just Cause)
[This part in English in the original.][Ref. dwn1:] DOMINIQUE WEINSTEIN:
DATE | 44.12.22 |
TIME | 17:05 |
COUNTRY | France |
LOCATION | Haguenau area |
TYPE OF PLANE AND WITNESSES | a USAAF night fighter (415th NFS) pilot |
UFO DESCRIPTION | two huge orange luminous shapes followed the plane at 10.000ft high |
Radar | |
CODES G X E | X |
SOURCES | 352/388/405/03 |
The 352, 388 and 405 sources are indicated to be “UFO ai confini della realta, special issue of February 1986 of monthly aeronautical magazine JP4”; “UFO Briefing document: the best available evidence, D. Berliner et A. Huneeus (1995)”; “1995 Korean UFO wave, Sunglyul Maeng, 1996”.
[Ref. lhh1:] LARRY HATCH:
523: 1944/12/22 17:30 3 7:46:00 E 48:47:00 N 3333 WEU FRN BRH 7:7
HAGUENAU,67,FR:ORG NLTS PACE USAF FIGHTERS:RDR EMEs:^+GONE:/r150+/r226#12p18
Ref#106 WILKINS, Harold: F.S. ON THE ATTACK Page No. 23: IN-FLIGHT
[Ref. nck1:] NICK COOK:
“At 0600, at 10,000 feet, two very bright lights climbed toward us from the ground,” another pilot from the 415th told intelligence officers after an encounter on December 22, near Haguenau, close to where Schlueter, Meiers and Ringwald had been. “They leveled off and stayed on the tail of our plane. They were huge bright orange lights. They stayed there for two minutes. On my tail all the time. They were under perfect control. Then they turned away from us, and the fire seemed to go out.”
[Ref. uwb1:] "UFOWEB" WEBSITE:
CITIES | DEPT | LATITUDES | LONGITUDES | YEARS | |
Haguenau | 67 | 48,817 | 7.783 | 1944 |
[Ref. lcn1:] LUC CHASTAN - "BASE OVNI FRANCE":
General features
Num Base: | 1206 |
Département: | Bas Rhin (67) |
Place of observation: | Haguenau |
Latitude: | 48.816 |
Longitude: | +7.783 |
Date of observation: | 22 December 1944 |
Hour: | 17:05 hours |
Duration (HH:MM:SS): | N.C. |
Weather: | No weather indication |
Type of observation: | Visual: close distance |
Nbr of witness(es): | 1 |
Official investigation: | No |
Features of the object
Nbr of object: | 2 |
Type of object: | Not-defined |
Size: | Not specified |
Color: | Orange |
Luminosity: | Brilliant |
Visual characteristics: | No indication |
Speed: | not defined |
Movement/Displacement: | Follows a plane |
Object on the ground: | No |
Instantaneous disappearance: | No |
Observation
The pilot of a fighter plane of the USAF observed two huge luminous shapes, orange colored. They followed the plane as it was at 3000 meters altitude. |
Sources
UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL PHENOMENA EIGHTY YEARS OF PILO par Weinstein Dominique |
[Ref. kml1:] KEVIN MCCLURE:
This ufologist quotes from the American Legion Magazine article for December 1945, “titled 'The Foo Fighter Mystery', and written by one Jo Chamberlin:”
On December 22-23, 1944, another 415th night fighter squadron pilot and radar observer were flying at 10,(XX) feet altitude near Hagenau. “At 0600 hours we saw two lights climbing toward us from the ground. Upon reaching our altitude, they leveled off and stayed on my tail The lights appeared to be large orange glows. After staying with the plane for two minutes, they peeled off and turned away, flying under perfect control, and then went out.”
[Ref. mgr1:] MICHEL GRANGER:
On December 22, 1944, three days before Christmas, Lieutenant David McFalls, pilot Giblin and a radar operator, all three of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron now based at Ochey, fly at 3000 meters above Hagenau, at 35 km north of Strasbourg.
“Two very bright lights rise from the ground just in front of us,” they said. "They stabilize in the altitude and place themselves near the tail of our plane where they remain for two minutes. In our opinion, they are under perfect control.” Then, the celestial Christmas balls turn away and drift away...
[Ref. dbr1:] DON BERLINER:
This author indicates that on December 22, 1944, over Hagenau, Germany, the pilot and radar operator of an American night fighter encountered two “large orange glows” that climbed rapidly toward them. When the pilot dove steeply and banked sharply, the objects stayed with him. The pilot stated:
Upon reaching our altitude, they levelled off and stayed on our tail... After two minutes, they peeled off and turned away, flying under perfect control.
The source is indicated to be Jerome Clark and Lucius Farish in “The Mysterious 'Foo-Fighters' of World War II”, in 1977 UFO Annual.
[Ref. dwn2:] DOMINIQUE WEINSTEIN:
The crew of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron noticed to the northeast, approximately five miles, a glowing red object shooting straight up, then changed suddenly to a plane view of aircraft doing a wing over and going into dive and disappearing.
Sources: USAAF, Report from Captain F.B. Ringwald, Intelligence Officer, 415111 Night Fighter Squadron, To A/C of S,A-2 XII Tactical Air Command, January 30, 1945, NARA I Strange Company, Keith Chester, 2007.
[Ref. dwn3:] DOMINIQUE WEINSTEIN:
At 6h00, a crew of the 415th NFS were patrolling from Sarrebourg to Strasbourg in the vicinity of Haguenau at 10,000 feet, when they saw two lights that “appeared to be a large orange glow” coming from the ground and heading toward their Beaufighter. The pilot reported: “Upon reaching the altitude of the Beaufighter, the lights levelled off and stayed on my tail for approximately two minutes”. After two minutes the lights would “peel off and turn away, fly along level for a few minutes and then go out. They appeared to be under perfect control at all times”.
Sources: USAAF Report by Captain F.B. Ringwald, Intelligence officer, 415th NFS, 30 January 1945 / Strange Company, Keith Chester, 2007
[Ref. twf1:] "THE WHY FILES" WEBSITE:
22nd December, 1944, Whilst on a mission over Hagenau (Germany) Lt. David McFalls of the U.S. 415th night-fighter squadron saw two “huge, bright orange lights” climbing towards his plane. McFalls dived, banked and turned his plane - to no avail, the objects stuck with him for two minutes until they peeled off and disappeared.
(Ref. nip1:) "THE NICAP WEBSITE":
(1944) Dec. 22/23, 1944; Hagenau, Germany
Two lights that appeared to be a large orange glow coming from ground - followed plane - appeared to be under perfect control (Page 102,130 Ref.1)
The reference 1 is described at the end of the document as “Strange Company (2007), Keith Chester”.
(Ref. nip1:) "THE NICAP WEBSITE":
(1944) Dec. 23/24, 1944; Germany (no positive location)
Glowing red object shooting straight up; appeared to be aircraft doing a wingover and going into a dive and disappearing. (Page 103,130 Ref.1)
The reference 1 is described at the end of the document as “Strange Company (2007), Keith Chester”.
[Ref. jbu1:] JEROME BEAU:
November - undefined 22 Witness 2, a pilot from the 415th American Fighter Squadron, and a radar navigate from Haguenau, when they see 2 large orange lights at high speed flying at 3500 m (10,000 ft). McFalls notes: “At 06:00 p.m. we watched 2 lights leave the ground heading towards us. Once at our altitude, they stabilized and remained behind my tail. The lights have the appearance of large orange gleams. After staying 2 minutes with the plane, they depart and veer in the distance, flying in a perfectly controlled manner, and left”. The pilot dove to try to distance them, but without success. |
The source is indicated as “Lore, Gordon I. R. Jnr., et Deneault, Harold H., Jnr., 'Mysteries of the Skies; UFOs in Perspective' p. 116 Prentice-Hall, New Jersey 1968.”
[Ref. uda1:] "UFODNA" WEBSITE:
22 December 1944 18:00
Hagenau [sic], France
USAAF Pilots - 415th NFS incident.
Two huge orange glowing spheres followed a U.S. Army Air Force warplane from the 415th NFS at 10,000 feet altitude over Hagenau [sic], France in the Bas-Rhine region. The pilots names were McFalls and Baker.
Two huge orange luminous spheres followed plane at 10,000' Objects were observed from a car. Two orange spheres, of huge size, were observed by two experienced male military witnesses in a warplane for two minutes (McFalls).
Hynek rating: CE1
Vallee rating: MA1
The sources are indicated as: “Weinstein, Dominique, Aircraft UFO Encounters, Project ACUFOE, Paris, 1999 Lore, Jr., Gordon I. R., Mysteries of the Skies: UFOs in Perspective, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1968; Hill, H. Edward, Catalog Through 1950, (in 5HHL); Wilkins, Harold T., Flying Saucers on the Attack, Ace Star A-11, New York, 1967; Vallee, Jacques, Anatomy of a Phenomenon, Henry Regnery, Chicago, 1965; Schoenherr, Luis, Computerized Catalog (N = 3173); Arnold, Kenneth, Coming of the Saucers, Authors, Amherst, 1952; Hall, Richard H., From Airships to Arnold: A Preliminary Catalogue of UFO Reports in the Early 20th Century (1900-1946), UFO Research Coalition, Fairfax, 2000, ISBN:1-928957-01-3; Hatch, Larry, *U* computer database, Author, Redwood City, 2002”
[Ref. kce1:] EGON KRAGEL AND YVES COUPRIE:
The authors indicate that on December 22, 1944, lieutenants David McFalls and Edward Schlueter flew over Haguenau in the Bas-Rhin, as pilots of the 415th fighter squadron based in Dijon. They stabilized at a height of 3000 meters when they noticed “two very bright lights which leave the ground and suddenly move towards the plane”. Then these luminous balls, two orange spheres, began to follow them, attached to the wake of their plane. One of the pilots said: “After two minutes, they flew away, flying in a perfectly controlled manner.”
The authors indicate that this is cited in La Chronique des OVNIS by Michel Bougeard [sic].
[Ref. cvn2:] CHRISTIAN VALENTIN:
Former journalist Christian Valentin published in 2012 a very interesting book telling the story of UFO sightings, flying saucers sightings, in Alsace, from the beginning to 1980.
In this book, he wrote a chapter about the “Foo Fighters” with a general presentation of the topic followed by a chronology of cases.
He says that from the end of September to the end of November 1944, the US 415th Night Fighter Squadron was based on the Dijon Longvic air base, before moving to the old Toul air base on the plate of Ochey, rebuilt by the US military with an artificial landing strip.
One of the reported observations was on December 22, 1944, and he quotes:
“Near Haguenau, saw two lights coming towards the aircraft from the ground. After reaching the altitude of the aircraft, they stabilized behind the “Beau” to stay for 2 minutes, then detached and moved away.”
Regarding the name “Beau”, he notes that it is the contraction of “Bristol Beaufighter”, the first fighter plane with a radar, manufactured by Bristol Aeroplane Co Ltd in the U-K, and that the 415th Night Fighter Squadron flew on Beaufighter NF MK 6 F.
He indicates that this is a translated extract of “War Diaries et Unit Reporting” - 145th Night Fighter Squadron, Orhey Air Base, France according to Barry Greenwood, in Just Cause #32 and #33, CUFON - Computer UFO Network - Seattle, Washington, USA.
[Ref. het1:] H. R. EVERETT:
The author said that “fleetings glimpses of bits and pieces of a scene” make our brains “generate a useabale composite picture” - defending that the “Foo-Fighters” were “illusions”. He then said:
Armed with that insight, let us reexamine the wording of USAAF Lieutenants McFalls and Baker regarding their nocturnal Foo Fighter sighting of 23-24 December 1944. They described it as “a glowing red object shooting straight up, which suddenly changed to a view of an aircraft doing a wing¬over, going into a dive and disappearing” (quoted in Chamberlin, 1945). This is not at all unlike what one might expect to observe during a near miss from a defensive surface-to-air missile that ran out of fuel and fell back to earth. More than a few postmission reports similarly described the perceived Foo Fighters as rising up from the ground, for such was the anticipated behavior of the German antiaircraft threat.
Note: See my Discussion. I think this report is not explained as a “feeting glimpse” meeting “expectations” that would create an “illusion&edquo;, but a very real event in which a real German device was spotted, and correctly described. Ironically, the author's book was supposed to discuss sightinh of “German unmanned devices.”
[Ref. spa1:] "SPICA" UFOLOGY ASSOCIATION:
The case was recorder three times instead of one in their listing, with sometines an erroneous month:
City | Date and hour of observation | General shape Identification |
General color Hypothesis |
Conclusion |
---|---|---|---|---|
HAGUENAU | Thursday 23 November 1944 at 22h00 | ball, balloon or melon (3D) Unidentified |
information not communicated None |
Unsolved -lack of info |
HAGUENAU | Friday 22 December 1944 at 17h05 | ball, balloon or melon (3D) Unidentified |
red None |
Unsolved -lack of info |
HAGUENAU | Sunday 24 December 1944 | ball, balloon or melon (3D) Unidentified |
orange None |
Unsolved -lack of info |
[Ref. tai1:] "THINK ABOUT IT" WEBSITE:
Date: December 22, 1944
Location: Hagenau, Germany
Time: 6:00 am
Summary: Lt. David McFalls of the US 415th night fighter squadron was over Hagenau, Germany. At 6:00 am, he saw two 'huge, bright orange lights' climbing toward the plane. McFalls dived, banked and turned his plane, but the UFOs stuck with him for two minutes, then peeled off and blinked out.
Source:
This case was recorded a second time:
Date: Dec. 23/24, 1944
Location: Germany (no positive location)
Time:
Summary: Glowing red object shooting straight up; appeared to be aircraft doing a wingover and going into a dive and disappearing.
Source:
[Ref. ubk1:] "UFODATENBANK":
Case ID | 19441222 |
Global case number: | 19441222-0013-UDB |
Date of observation (Day) | 22 |
Date of observation (Month) | 12 |
Date of observation(Year) | 1944 |
Hour of observation | 18.00 |
Zip Code | |
Place of observation | Haguenau |
County | |
Federal state | |
Country | France |
Witnesses | |
Hynek Classification | CE I |
Vallee Classification | |
Ruthledge Classification | |
Henke Classification | |
Evaluation | |
Identification | |
Investigations | |
Status of the investigation | |
Domain | UFO-Datenbank |
Case added by | |
Latest change by: | |
Investigator in charge of the case | |
Source | DUFOA-Deutschland - SiDat - 1996-2002 |
State of the information | 25.04.2015 22:16 |
Accesses to this record | 3 |
Link to Openmap | http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?q=Haguenau,France |
Link to the observation | http://www.ufo-db.com/WfrmSetupSichtung.aspx?uid_Sichtung=a394d2ad-8343-43b9-af5f-eabf60155ea3 |
Summary for guests | The facts and possibly other documents will be published. We thank you for your patience. |
Preview image |
Case ID | 19441222 |
Global case number: | 19441222-0012-UDB |
Date of observation (Day) | 22 |
Date of observation (Month) | 12 |
Date of observation(Year) | 1944 |
Hour of observation | |
Zip Code | |
Place of observation | Haguenau |
County | |
Federal state | |
Country | France |
Witnesses | |
Hynek Classification | CE I |
Vallee Classification | |
Ruthledge Classification | |
Henke Classification | |
Evaluation | |
Identification | |
Investigations | |
Status of the investigation | |
Domain | UFO-Datenbank |
Case added by | |
Latest change by: | |
Investigator in charge of the case | |
Source | DUFOA-Deutschland - SiDat - 1996-2002 |
State of the information | 25.04.2015 22:16 |
Accesses to this record | 2 |
Link to Openmap | http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?q=Haguenau,France |
Link to the observation | http://www.ufo-db.com/WfrmSetupSichtung.aspx?uid_Sichtung=f1820abc-d127-474f-92fe-e35f02359ee8 |
Summary for guests | The facts and possibly other documents will be published. We thank you for your patience. |
Preview image |
[Ref. ekl1:] EGON KRAGEL:
This author indicates that North of Strasbourg December 22, 1944, Lieutenants David L. Mcfalls and radar operator Edward Baker, members of the 415e fighter squadron based in Dijon, flew over Haguenau, a French town 28 kilometers north of Strasbourg.
They reported:
“At 6 p.m., near Haguenau, while we were flying at an altitude of 3,000 meters, we saw two lights coming from the ground towards us. When they reached our level, they stabilized and stayed close to the tail of our plane. They were two big lights of an intense orange. They followed us for 2 minutes, without ever leaving the tail of the aircraft. They flew in a perfectly controlled way. Then they negotiated a turn, moved away and their glow seemed to fade.”
The author adds that on December 24, 1944, Christmas Eve, Mcfalls and Baker made the same observation, telling: “A ball of red light came straight up at us. Suddenly it turned into an airplane which performed an acrobatic maneuver, climbing straight up into the sky, followed by a vertical flat turn. Then the phenomenon plunged toward the ground and disappeared.”
The author indicates that the sources are “The American Legion Magazine, vol. 39, No. 6, December 1945, p. 44 - Harold T. Wilkins, Flying Saucers on the Attack, Citadel Press 1954, p. 25 - Gordon I. R. Lore and Harold H. Deneault, Mysteries of the Skies: UFOs in Perspective, Prentice Hall, 1968, p. 116 - Michel Bougard, La Chronique des Ovni, Jean-Pierre Delarge, 1977, pp. 271-272.”
[Ref. ute1:] A "UFO TIMELINE" ON THE WEB:
1944
Germany, Hagenau: On December 22, 1944, Lt. David McFalls of the US 415th night fighter squadron was over Hagenau, Germany. At 6:00 am, he saw two 'huge, bright orange lights' climbing toward the plane. McFalls dived, banked and turned his plane, but the UFOs stuck with him for two minutes, then peeled off and blinked out.
[Ref. mse1:] MARCELLO SOAVE:
Chronology of sightings drawn up by Dr. Domenico Pasquariello of CEIFAN (Centre for Investigation of Anomalous Phenomena).
[... other cases...]
- On 12/22/1944 another American fighter spotted two luminous globes near Hagenau in Alsace Lorraine. Such orbs were described as two enormous, glowing, orange-colored bodies that followed his fighter for more than two minutes.
[... other cases...]
The Bristol Type 156 “Beaufighter”, nicknamed “Beau”, was a British multi-role aircraft developed during WWI. It was originally conceived as a heavy fighter variant of the Bristol Beaufort torpedo bomber; it proved to be an effective night fighter, which came into service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Battle of Britain.
Originally, armament consisted of four 20mm cannons and six 0.303-in machine-guns but many variants were built; for example, versions had the ability to additionally carry eight rocket projectiles, some had a Vickers 'K' gun, Beaufighter TF.Mk X was used for anti-shipping operations.
The Beaufighter Mk VIF was fitted with the Mark VIII radar.
Below: Beaufighter Mk VIF of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron.
The Beaufighters served with the US Army Air Force until the end of the war, but most were replaced by the P-61 “Black Widow” beginning on March 20, 1945.
In the Condon Report [con], Martin D. Altschuler says that Foo Fighters were St Elmo fire. However, it cannot be the correct explanation for this case, it is enough to read what St. Elmo fire are in Altschuler's text or elsewhere to realize that it does not appear as large orange light, does not climb from the ground towards planes, does not follow planes and does not fly away after two minutes. Other plasma phenomena such as ball lighting also do not apply.
To me, the crew's description of the actions of the orange light cannot match a natural phenomenon. The possibility that immediately comes to mind is another aircraft.
This idea is reinforced in the fact that the same crew reported another flame of red light, the following night, and added that when this other light turned, is "appeared in the shape of an aircraft."
But for this other sighting, I evaluated, with data to support it, that it was probably a V-2 rocket; that the aviators had not referred to the thing as a "Foo Fighter" as in the present case, and that "airplane shape" should be understood as the fact that the thing had gone from climbing to a more horizontal trajectory; which fits well to the launch of a V-2 rocket.
In the present case, it was no V-2s because they were never launched in pairs.
In this context, and with the brevity of the original report, it is not unreasonable to consider that the crew was really thinking that they observed some sort of secret German device. A UFO or flying saucer context did not exist to them, so a report and description of a light would not comprise any elements that would suggests they did not think it was some sort of aircraft of human construction.
It is also apparent that no extraordinary manoeuvers are reported except of the initial climb. As the orange lights follow the plane for two minutes, only classic aircraft speed seems at work, maybe faster however than the Beaufighter's speed.
If the light was an aircraft, it however cannot have been a very familiar aircraft, otherwise the crew would have given some sort of identification of it. It cannot be a very conventional enemy plane, or an enemy aircraft in close vicinity, because a dogfight would have likely resulted from the encounter.
It does appear that the crew did not think it was an ordinary aircraft and they did not react as they probably would have if they had thought that it can be an enemy aircraft. The report would nave have started with a sentence such as "More Foo-Fighters were in the air last night."
So I wondered whether they could have encountered some unarmed or inefficient new German aircraft that would emit an unusual amount of light so that it appears as an orange light, and climb fast and rather straight up.
By looking at Foo Fighters reports in general, it is apparent that most of them were probably not planes at all. But this does not mean that all Foo Fighters reports are not aircraft. Some could be, especially those seen at night - as this sighting occurred when the sky was dark.
Messerschmitt 163 "Komet", as its name suggests, would indeed produce a luminous gleam at night: it was the first rocket plane used in air battles in the world. It reaches 9000 meters of altitude in 2 minutes, or 12000 meters in 3 minutes, can still operate 3 to 4 minutes, and when the fuel is exhausted, the rocket is off and it glides down.
One Me-163 is shown at the USAF Museum at Dayton, Ohio, USA, another is shown at London's Science Museum, U-K. |
From February 1944, Komet were precisely built in the Black Forest, not far from the place of this observation. In July 1944, 16 Komet are operational, their number would increase to 250 at the end of the 1944. Though a brilliant idea, the plane was a disaster in operation, with 80% of them destroyed in explosions of its dangerous fuel on the ground. The pilots damaged their spine at the time of takeoffs. The interceptions of bombers did not go well because the Komet was much faster, and they were often destroyed by P-51 Mustang fighters that protected the bombers once they started to glide down at a lower speed. While more than 400 Komet were built, they only shot down 9 allied bombers, which made Komet one of the less efficient combat plane ever built.
The reported manoeuvers are quite compatible with those of Komets: it comes from the ground, levels, turns away, and the rocket is off so the light turns off.
However, there are issues with such an explanation:
The 2nd Jagdgeschwader (JG) 400 Squadron, the first and only combat unit using the Me-163, was based on the Venlo airfield in Holland and carried out little action before it was moved to Brandis, near Leipzig in July 1944. At Brandis, the JG 400 experienced its strongest operational activity on September 28, 1944, when it was able to take off 9 Me-163 to intercept American bombers. It was daylight, and the story shows that there seems to have been no test of this airplane at night. The only Luftwaffe night test field was Estelle Retime.
Mano Ziegler, test pilot and then pilot of Me-163 at the JG 400 had been questioned about the possibility of night flights of the Me-163 and had replied: "Trying to land at night would put you in small pieces over the whole country!" (Ziegler p.113) In fact, the "Komet" has no landing light, which is equivalent, given its characteristics, to sure death in the case of an attempt to land at night.
In addition, the Me-163's range was only 25 miles under good conditions, so the JG 400 flew only in the Leipzig region.
I checked in another Alsatian Foo-Fighter case various other potential explanations that I will no republish here; none seems very convincing to me.
The map (above) shows Haguenau, in the Bas-Rhin in Alsace, and Sarrebourg, in the department of Moselle, in Lorraine. The border with Germany is the yellow line, the blue line is the border of the Bas-Rhin department in the Alsace region.
It should be noted that the first ufological source for this case is, in 1952, Kenneth Arnold's book [kad1]. Kenneth Arnold is the witness of an observation near Mount Rainier in the USA in 1947 which changed the game, because it was the first to receive a worldwide journalistic echo. What is less known is that following his observation, Kenneth Arnold became the first ufologist, the first to take the matter seriously and to undertake investigations with witnesses of observations of unidentified flying objects.
Unidentified.
* = Source is available to me.
? = Source I am told about but could not get so far. Help needed.
Main author: | Patrick Gross |
---|---|
Contributors: | None |
Reviewers: | None |
Editor: | Patrick Gross |
Version: | Create/changed by: | Date: | Description: |
---|---|---|---|
0.1 | Patrick Gross | March 26, 2017 | Creation. |
1.0 | Patrick Gross | March 26, 2017 | First published in ALSACAT. |
1.1 | Patrick Gross | January 25, 2018 | Addition [ubk1]. |
1.2 | Patrick Gross | May 19, 2021 | Additions [ldl1], [lhh1]. |
1.3 | Patrick Gross | July 23, 2022 | Addition [kad1], [hes1], [jrs1]. In the Summary, "By ufologist Harold Wilkins, we learn in 1954" changed to "By the 'first ufologist' Kenneth Arnold, we learn in 1952". In the Discussion, addition of the paragraph "It should be noted that the first ufological source..." |
1.4 | Patrick Gross | July 11, 2024 | Additions [jke1], [ekl1], [kap1], [lhh1], [jcn1], [gvo1], [bgd1], [bgd2], [bgd2], [ivl1], [lgs1], [jcf1], [pbh1], [ute1], [mse1], [hws1], [sdm1], [tfo1], [dbr1], [kml1], [vgs1], [wdy1], [1], [1]. |
1.4 | Patrick Gross | July 11, 2024 | First published in ACUFO. |
1.5 | Patrick Gross | July 17, 2024 | Addition [mgr1]. |
1.6 | Patrick Gross | July 19, 2024 | Additions [rbm1], [het1]. |
1.7 | Patrick Gross | July 26, 2024 | Additions [pfe1], [ibl1], [hes1]. |